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The Duchy of Limburg or Limbourg〔Occasionally formerly "Lambourg", as in the 1584 Treaty of Joinville.〕 was a state of the Holy Roman Empire. Its main territory including the capital Limbourg is today located within the Belgian province of Liège, with a small part in the neighbouring province of Belgian Limburg, within the east of Voeren. From about 1020, Limburg Castle served as the residence of the Counts of Limburg, who in 1100 adopted the ducal title (''Herzog'' in German, ''Hertog'' in Dutch) as Dukes of Lower Lorraine, one of the most important and ancient titles in this part of the empire. The extinction of the line in 1283 sparked the War of the Limburg Succession, whereafter Limburg was ruled by the Dukes of Brabant in personal union, eventually being grouped together with the Brabantian "Overmaas" territories bordering it (including Dalhem, Valkenburg, and Hertogenrade), to be one of the Seventeen Provinces of the Burgundian Netherlands. Unlike other parts of this province, the lands of the duchy stayed intact within the Southern Netherlands, under Habsburg control, after the divisions caused by the Eighty Years' War and the War of the Spanish Succession. However finally, after the failed Brabant Revolution in 1789, the duchy's history was terminated with the occupation by French Revolutionary troops in 1793. These lands were reunited within modern Belgium only after World War I. The duchy was multilingual, being the place where Dutch, French, and German dialects border upon each other and coexist at their geographical extremes, both now and in medieval times. Its northern and eastern borders are the approximate boundaries of the modern state of Belgium with the Netherlands and Germany, at their "tripoint". The eastern part, which includes Eupen, is the administrative capital and northernmost part of the modern Belgian German-speaking Ostkantonen. Of the various places known as Limburg, it is the Duchy of Limburg which is the origin of the pungent-smelling soft cheese known as Limburger, and today made in many places. (In modern Belgium, such cheese is known as Herve cheese, after the town of that name within the duchy.) ==Geography== The state's territory was situated in the Low Countries between the river Meuse (Maas) in the west and the Imperial city of Aachen in the east. Its most important cities were Limbourg, the capital, and Eupen. The Limburg estates were commonly divided into five legal districts (''Hochbänke''): #the original manor of Baelen in the southeast with the castle and city of Limburg, Eupen, and Welkenraedt; #Herve in the southwest with Dison, Thimister and Clermont; #Montzen (today part of Plombières) in the northwest with Kelmis, Moresnet, and Teuven; #Walhorn in the northeast with Eynatten, Hauset, and Lontzen; #the southwestern exclave of Sprimont, surrounded by the Prince-Bishopric of Liège. In the west and south, Limburg bordered on the territory of the Liège Prince-Bishops, in the north and east on the Rhenish Duchy of Jülich. Linguistically Limburg was situated on the border of Germanic with Romance Europe. While in the northern and eastern districts Limburgish and Ripuarian dialects were spoken, the southwestern part around Herve was dominated by Walloon. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Duchy of Limburg」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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